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½ðɳ¼¯ÍŹÙÍø:OracleÃÜÂëÎļþѧϰÐĵÃ

2018-09-06 10:25     À´Ô´£º½ðɳ¼¯ÍŹÙÍø     

¡¡¡¡ÏÂÃæ×ܽáÁËһЩOracleÃÜÂëÎļþµÄѧϰÐĵã¬Ï£Íû¶Ô´ó¼ÒÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£

¡¡¡¡£¨Ò»£©´´½¨OracleÃÜÂëÎļþµÄÃüÁî

¡¡¡¡orapwd file= password= entries=×î´óÊýÄ¿

¡¡¡¡ÕâÀïµÄfileÃüÃû¹æÔòÔÚunix/linuxÏÂorapw£¬ÔÚwindowsÏÂΪpwd.ora

¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢ unix »·¾³£º

¡¡¡¡²éÁËAdministrator‘s Reference 10g Release 2 £¨10.2£© for UNIX-Based Operating Systems.

¡¡¡¡1. Log in as the Oracle software owner. £¨ÒÔOracle¹ÜÀíÔ±Éí·ÝµÇÈ룩

¡¡¡¡2. Use the orapwd utility to create the password file as follows£¨Ê¹ÓÃorapwd¹¦ÄÜ´´½¨ÃÜÂëÎļþ£©£º

¡¡¡¡$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/orapwd file=filename password=password entries=max_users……

¡¡¡¡filename The name of the file in which password information is written£¨filenameÖ¸ÃÜÂëÐÅÏ¢±£´æÎļþµÄÎļþÃû£©

¡¡¡¡The name of the file must be orapwsid£¬ and you must supply the full path name. Its contents are encrypted. Typically£¬ the password file is created in the $ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory.£¨ÎļþÃû±ØÐëΪorapwsid£¬²¢ÐèÒªÌṩÍêÕû·¾¶¡£ÄÚÈÝÊǼÓÃܵÄ¡£Í¨³£Çé¿öÏ£¬ÃÜÂëÎļþ±»´´½¨ÔÚ$ORACLE_HOME/dbs·¾¶Ï¡££©

¡¡¡¡Çë×¢ÒâºÚÌå×Ö£¬ ËùÒÔunix»·¾³ÖУ¬ password file Ò»¶¨ÊÇÒªÓà orapw£¬ ûÓÐÀýÍâ¡£

¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢windows »·¾³£º

¡¡¡¡²éÁËPlatform. Guide 10g Release 2 £¨10.2£© for Microsoft Windows £¨32-Bit£©£¨Ã»²é64-bit£©

¡¡¡¡To create and populate a password file£º

¡¡¡¡£¨1£© Create a password file with the Password Utility£º

¡¡¡¡C£º> orapwd FILE=PWDsid.ora PASSWORD=password ENTRIES=max_users

¡¡¡¡where

¡¡¡¡| FILE specifies the password filename.

¡¡¡¡| SID identifies the database instance.

¡¡¡¡| PASSWORD sets the password for account SYS.

¡¡¡¡| ENTRIES sets maximum number of entries in password file. This corresponds to maximum number of distinct users allowed to connect to the database simultaneously with either the SYSDBA or the SYSOPER DBA privilege.

¡¡¡¡£¨2£©Set initialization parameter file parameter REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE to exclusive£¬ shared£¬ or none.

¡¡¡¡In search of the password file£¬ Oracle Database looks in the registry for the value of parameter

¡¡¡¡ORA_SID_PWFILE. If no value is specified£¬ then it looks in the registry for the

¡¡¡¡value of parameter ORA_PWFILE£¬ which points to a file containing usernames£¬

¡¡¡¡passwords£¬ and privileges. If that is not set£¬ then it uses the default£º

¡¡¡¡ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOMEDATABASEPWDsid.ORA.

¡¡¡¡The default value is shared.

¡¡¡¡Çë×¢ÒâºÚÌå×Ö£¬windows »·¾³ÖУ¬ºÜ´óµÄ²¿·ÖÊÇ»ùÓÚregistry ÖбäÁ¿ora_sid_pwfile »òÕßora_pwfile µÄÉèÖã¬È±Ê¡µÄÖµ£¬ÕýÈçpaulyibinyiÐÖµÜÖ¸³öµÄ£¬ÊÇpwd.ora£¨unixÖÐÊÇûÓÐÕâ¸ö.oraºó׺µÄ£©¡£

¡¡¡¡£¨¶þ£©ÔÚwindows϶ÔÓÚconnect /as sysdba¼°ÆäËüÓû§¿ÉÒÔ²»ÓÃÃÜÂë¾ÍÄܵǼµÄÎÊÌâ

¡¡¡¡1.ÕâÊÇÒòΪoracle²ÉÓÃÁËOSÈÏÖ¤µÄ·½Ê½£¬¾ßÌåµÄ¿ÉÒԲ鿴 sqlnet.ora¾ßÌåͬÈÝÈçÏÂ

¡¡¡¡SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= £¨NTS£©

¡¡¡¡½«Æä¸Ä³ÉSQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=£¨NONE£©

¡¡¡¡ÕâÑù¾ÍÊÇoracleÈÏÖ¤·½Ê½ÁË

¡¡¡¡2.ÒòΪÓõÄOSÈÏÖ¤·½Ê½£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ²Ù×÷ϵͳ->¿ØÖÆÃæ°æ->¼ÆËã»ú¹ÜÀí->Óû§ ½«µ±Ç°Óû§µÄÊôÐÔ×é ORA_DBAÈ¥µô£¬ÕâʱÈç¹ûûÓÐÓû§Ãû¼°ÃÜÂëÔò²»¿ÉÒÔ¡£

¡¡¡¡ÈçÏ£º

¡¡¡¡SQL> connect /as sysdba ERROR£ºORA-01031£º insufficient privileges

¡¡¡¡SQL> connect sys/oracle as sysdba

¡¡¡¡ÒÑÁ¬½Ó¡£

¡¡¡¡£¨Èý£©ÀûÓÃalter user identified by ……À´ÐÞ¸ÄÃÜÂëalter user sys identified by abcһϣ¬¾ÍÁ¬Êý¾Ý¿âÖеÄÃÜÂëºÍÃÜÂëÎļþÖеÄÃÜÂëÒ»Æð¸Ä³ÉabcÁË£»

¡¡¡¡£¨ËÄ£©Èç¹ûOracleÃÜÂëÎļþ¶ªÊ§ÁËÈçºÎ°ì£¿

¡¡¡¡ÀûÓà orapwdÖØд´½¨Ò»¸ö¾Í¿ÉÒÔÁË¡£

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